What to do if you break down

On a motorway

If your vehicle develops a problem, it is best to leave the motorway at the next exit or pull into a service area. If you cannot do so, you should:

• Pull on to the hard shoulder and stop as far to the left as possible, with your wheels turned to the left. Leave your sidelights on and use your hazard flashers.
• Try to stop near an emergency telephone (situated at approximately one mile intervals along the hard shoulder)
• Leave the vehicle by the left-hand door and ensure all your passengers do the same. Leave any animals in the vehicle or, in an emergency, keep them under proper control on the verge. If you have reflective jackets in the vehicle wear them. Do not use a reflective triangle.
• Ensure that passengers keep away from the carriageway and hard shoulder, and that children are kept under control
• Do not attempt even simple repairs
• Walk to an emergency telephone on your side of the carriageway (follow the arrows on the posts at the back of the hard shoulder) – the telephone is free of charge and connects directly to the police. Use these in preference to a mobile phone. If you must use a mobile phone make sure you can describe your location – there are reference numbers on all telephones and marker posts.
• Give full details to the police; also inform them if you are a vulnerable motorist such as a woman travelling alone
• Return and wait near your vehicle (well away from the carriageway and hard shoulder. It is best to retreat up the bank, or behind a barrier if this is possible)
• If you feel at risk from another person, return to your vehicle by a left-hand door and lock all doors. Leave your vehicle again as soon as you feel this danger has passed.
• Before you rejoin the carriageway after a breakdown, build up speed on the hard shoulder and watch for a safe gap in the traffic. Be aware that other vehicles may be stationary on the hard shoulder.

If you cannot get your vehicle on to the hard shoulder:

• Do not attempt to place any warning device on the carriageway
• Switch on your hazard warning lights
• Leave your vehicle only when you can safely get clear of the carriageway

On other roads

• Get your vehicle off the road if possible
• Warn other traffic by using your hazard warning lights if your vehicle is causing an obstruction
• If you have a reflective jacket, put it on
• If you have any fear that your vehicle may be struck by other traffic make all your passengers get out of the car and get well away from the traffic. Question whether it is safe for you to fix the car or whether you need professional help.
• If it is safe and if you have one, put a warning triangle or other permitted warning device on the road at least 45 metres (50 yards) behind your broken down vehicle on the same side of the road. Always take great care when doing this.
• Keep your sidelights on if it is dark or visibility is poor
• Do not stand (or let anybody else stand), between your vehicle and oncoming traffic
• At night or in poor visibility do not stand where you will prevent other road users seeing your lights.
• Either use your mobile phone, or any other available phone, to summon assistance. Make sure you know where you have broken down.
• If you have used a warning triangle remember to retrieve it when the breakdown is over.
• The motorway information can be used as a basis for coping with other circumstances.